Drag & Drop any mapfile onto that executable and it will start the game with the map automatically. Go to Starcraft II/Support folder and find 'SC2Switcher.exe'. Lastly, you don't always need to load a map inside the editor in order to play it. (Here's a direct link in case you don't have Flash installed: Here is a video that shows the entire process of installing a custom campaign: Embed Removed: That is because all the data is referenced in relation to the folder structure, so ideally everything has to be inside the Starcraft II folders.
However, a modfile must be inside the 'Starcraft II/Mods' folder, and if there are several maps which load automatically after one has ended (campaign), then they also must be placed inside the Maps folder as instructed.
If it's just a mapfile, then you can place it anywhere on your computer.